New York City is managing its way through its greatest fiscal challenge in decades as the recession ripples through the local economy and takes a heavy toll on tax collections. To help balance the FY 2010 budget in the face of a $6.8 billion drop in anticipated tax revenue, as well as to narrow the out-year budget gaps, the City has raised property taxes, slashed agency and capital spending, obtained extraordinary federal assistance, reached agreement with the municipal unions to reduce health care costs, and drawn down reserves built up during the last economic boom.

Two years ago, New York City’s economy was booming and the City’s coffers were overflowing with record budget surpluses. Today, the recession is rippling through the local economy and taking a heavy toll on tax collections. Tax collections, excluding recent tax increases, were down last year by $3.3 billion and are projected to decline by another $2.4 billion in FY 2010—a cumulative two-year drop of $5.7 billion.

The nation is emerging from the worst recession since World War II. While New York City was hit hard, the impact has not been as severe as initially feared or as painful as elsewhere in the nation. The City has lost 125,000 jobs, and the November Plan assumes that job losses will peak at 220,000 during the third quarter of 2010—fewer losses than in either of the past two recessions.

The nation is slowly emerging from the worst recession since the Great Depression, but the recovery is expected to be slow and uneven. Although the national economy grew at 5.9 percent during the fourth quarter of 2009, the strong growth could not offset the deep contractions that occurred in the first half of the year. As a result, the economy contracted by 2.4 percent in 2009, the largest annual decline in 63 years.

The worst recession since the Great Depression appears to be coming to an end, but it has cost the nation 8.4 million jobs. While the downturn has been less severe in New York State and New York City than in the nation, the impact has been painful nonetheless. New York City lost 186,900 jobs and tax revenues fell by 7.1 percent in FY 2009 ($2.8 billion)—the steepest decline in at least 30 years.

The recession has been less severe in New York City than in the nation and in other parts of New York State, and less severe than first feared, but the impact has been painful nonetheless. New York City lost 185,500 jobs; the unemployment rate peaked at 10.5 percent in November 2009, the highest rate in 17 years; and tax revenues fell by 7.1 percent in FY 2009 ($2.8 billion), the steepest decline in at least 30 years.

New York City’s economy is recovering from the recession at a faster pace than the nation and the rest of New York State. In the ten months after December 2009, the City regained 76,300 private sector jobs—about 47 percent of the jobs lost— but the unemployment rate remains high.

New York City’s economy is recovering from the recession at a faster pace than the nation and the rest of New York State. Since job losses ended in November 2009, the City has gained 73,400 private sector jobs, or half of the jobs lost in the recession, but public sector job losses are beginning to accelerate. While the unemployment rate has declined from a peak of 10 percent to 8.9 percent, it remains unacceptably high.

New York City’s May 2011 financial plan (the “May Plan”) projects a surplus of $3.2 billion for FY 2011, resulting largely from a drawdown in reserves, higher revenues due to an improving economy, and agency cost-reduction actions. The City intends to transfer the surplus to FY 2012 to help balance that year’s budget.

On June 29, 2011, New York City adopted a $65.9 billion budget ($46.5 billion in City funds) for FY 2012, which began on July 1, 2011. While the budget is balanced, it relies on $5.1 billion in nonrecurring resources, including the FY 2011 surplus and a drawdown from the Retiree Health Benefits Trust. These resources will have to be replaced in subsequent years, and even though the City’s economy is slowly improving, the June 2011 financial plan (the “June Plan”) projects budget gaps that average $4.8 billion during fiscal years 2013 through 2015.